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Protocol Politics: The Globalization of Internet Governance (Information Revolution and Global Politics) |  | Author: Laura DeNardis
Publisher: The MIT Press
List Price: $35.00
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Rating:  1 reviews
Sales Rank: 359013
Media: Hardcover
Pages: 272
Number Of Items: 1
Shipping Weight (lbs): 1
Dimensions (in): 9 x 6.3 x 0.9
ISBN: 0262042576
Dewey Decimal Number: 384.33
EAN: 9780262042574
ASIN: 0262042576
Publication Date: September 30, 2009
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Product Description
The Internet has reached a critical point. The world is running out of Internet addresses. There is a finite supply of approximately 4.3 billion Internet Protocol (IP) addresses—the unique binary numbers required for every exchange of information over the Internet—within the Internet's prevailing technical architecture (IPv4). In the 1990s the Internet standards community identified the potential depletion of these addresses as a crucial design concern and selected a new protocol (IPv6) that would expand the number of Internet addresses exponentially—to 340 undecillion addresses. Despite a decade of predictions about imminent global conversion, IPv6 adoption has barely begun. IPv6 is not backward compatible with IPv4, and the ultimate success of IPv6 depends on a critical mass of IPv6 deployment, even among users who don't need it, or on technical workarounds that could in turn create a new set of concerns.
Protocol Politics examines what's at stake politically, economically, and technically in the selection and adoption of a new Internet protocol. Laura DeNardis's key insight is that protocols are political. IPv6 serves as a case study for how protocols more generally are intertwined with socioeconomic and political order. IPv6 intersects with provocative topics including Internet civil liberties, U.S. military objectives, globalization, institutional power struggles, and the promise of global democratic freedoms. DeNardis offers recommendations for Internet standards governance, based not only on technical concerns but on principles of openness and transparency, and examines the global implications of looming Internet address scarcity versus the slow deployment of the new protocol designed to solve this problem.
Information Revolution and Global Politics series
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| Customer Reviews:
v4 -> v6 ; a delayed transition November 3, 2009
W Boudville (Terra, Sol 3)
Even for those of us [me] who have used the Internet for decades, DeNardis has provided a nice favour by analysing how it has changed as a result of immense success and growth. The book largely revolves around the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. The latter was first proposed around 1991, just before the Web, when Internet usage really took off. But already in 91, net experts foresaw a day when the 4 billion address space of v4 would be exhausted. Hence the first proposals for IPng, which would become relabelled as IPv6.
The biggest demand is from the continued industrialising of developed countries, especially China and India. The continued distribution of v4 addresses would increasingly be seen as inequitable, and styming their growth.
The book describes stop gap solutions that have thus far reduced the end date of v4 address exhaustion. Notably has been NAT - Network Address Translation. But all this just delays an inevitable.
When will that be? The book shies away from providing a date. It explains that currently only some 0.3% of Internet usage is v6; all the rest is v4. Many deadlines have come and gone, often imposed top down by governments like Japan, Korea and Europe. The difficulties of transitioning from a global network of v4 and v6 nodes to just v6 seem hard. The book suggests that one trigger might be that actual exhaustion. While another possibility could be a killer app that needs v6.
Interestingly, the book points out that the purported increased security of v6, via IPSec, is not strictly confined to v6. IPSec has now been ported to v4. Ironically, the current low usage of IPSec under v6 has meant that there could be holes in it not found by sufficient testing and usage.
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